NAME
|
DESCRIPTION
|
NOTATION
|
LISTEN/VIEW
|
COMMENTS
|
vibrato
|
undulation
in pitch
|
verbal
instruction, sometimes with wavy line
|
|
This
is normally used as an exaggerated effect. |
glissando
|
slide
in pitch between notes
|
|
glissando on the clarinet
glissando on the bass clarinet
Gershwin's glissando in Rhapsody in Blue
|
Clarinet:
works best between (written) D4 and F6. Avoid in the lower register.
Bass
Clarinet: glissandi don't work, because of covered holes. Fast chromatic
scales are substituted.
|
harmonic
|
produced
by fingering a fundamental low note, then picking out partials using
venting, register keys or octave holes
|
o
- over the notehead.
(It is probably a good idea to include a note explaining whether
the notehead is the sounding or fingered pitch)
|
harmonics |
Very
rare and fairly ineffective on the clarinet. |
trills
|
rapid
alternation between two pitches
|
this shows a minor trill followed by a major trill, indicated by
accidentals over the note. If these are not given, players will
choose trill type based on musical context. The wavy lines indicating
duration of trill are also optional.
|
trills
Bass Clarinet trills
'Timbral'
trills on the bass clarinet
|
All
trills are possible on the clarinet and on the bass clarinet (except
very high on the instrument).
Timbral
trills involve trilling between alternative fingerings for a given
note, or using very little embouchure.
|
tremolando
|
a
trill between two notes more than a tone apart
|
|
tremolando
Bass
Clarinet tremolando |
These
are possible, but avoid crossing the register break, especially on
bass clarinet (which sounds particularly effective in the bottom register). |
subtones
|
very
quiet sound
|
verbal
instruction: echo tone, subtone, mezzo voce or sotto voce
|
subtone |
An
extreme pianissimo will be drowned out by other sounds. |