NAME
|
DESCRIPTION
|
NOTATION
|
LISTEN/VIEW
|
COMMENTS
|
scordatura
tuning
|
retuning
the strings
|
a
verbal instruction to retune, possibly with an additional staff
to show new tunings
|
Mahler Symphony No. 4 (Movement 2) |
Do
not retune more than a tone, and in general it is better to lower
than raise the pitch of the string. Retuning takes time and care. |
tap
instrument
|
tap
the body of the instrument with fingers or with the bow
|
verbal
instruction, with x-shaped noteheads for extended passages
|
tapping |
Finger
taps are common, but bow taps are to be used with care: no player
would want to risk damaging the violin. If a bow tap is called for,
the safest place to tap is the chinrest. |
play
behind bridge
|
playing
the strings between the bridge and the tailpiece
|
verbal instruction, with x-shaped noteheads if necessary
|
playing behind bridge |
The
standard bowing and plucking techniques may be used for this effect. |
bow
on bridge
|
bowing
the strings directly on the bridge
|
verbal instruction, with x-shaped noteheads if necessary
|
bowing on bridge |
This
is not the same as sul ponticello which plays near the bridge. |
bow
tailpiece
|
bowing
the tailpiece
|
verbal
instruction
|
bowing tailpiece |
Extremely
quiet! |
strike
strings
|
striking
the strings with the hand
|
verbal
instruction
|
striking strings |
Pitches
may also be fingered with the left hand. |
scratch
note
|
pressing
down hard on the string with the bow to produce a rasping
|
verbal
instruction, with x-shaped noteheads
|
scratch note |
As
an obvious sign of bad technique, this sound is not flattering to
the player. |
'silent'
fingering
|
fingering
pitches with the left hand without bowing or plucking the strings
|
verbal
instruction
|
|
Very
quiet. |