General comment about styles of attack:

legato

Legato

Legato is played without tonguing
Legato

nonlegato

Non Legato

Each individual note is tongued and separated.
Non legato

staccato

Staccato

Short and separated notes (all tongued).
Staccato

wedge

Staccatissimo

Very short tongued notes. Sometimes notated as staccato notes with the word staccatissimo (or staccatiss.) written above.
Staccatissimo



legato staccato

Tenuto and other markings

Notes with a line are sometimes called "tenuto". Nots with both dots and slurs, or lines and slurs, vary in interpretation, but are somewhere between legato and non legato. Opinions vary widely as to the meaning of these symbols!.
Other markings:

double and triple tonguing

Double & Triple Tonguing

Partial tonguing in groups of two or three (e.g. on syllables ta-ka, or ta-ka-ka) to give a very rapid articulation.
Double and triple tonguing:
Triple tonguing

fluttertonguing

Fluttertonguing

A rolled 'r' tonguing.
Fluttertonguing