THE ORCHESTRA: A USER'S MANUAL

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Introduction	Orchestration	Orchestration	Resources	Historical	Andrew Hugill
					Philharmonia

VIOLIN

Section: Strings
Transposing? No

Construction
Range
Bowing
Plucking
Left Hand
Mute/Harmonics
Chords
Extended
Player's Tips and Tricks

Chords

about divisi
about non divisi

NAME	DESCRIPTION	NOTATION	LISTEN/VIEW	COMMENTS
double stop	two strings sounded together		double stop (arco and pizz)	If the double stop is difficult (the left hand span is awkward) a section will play this divisi (notes shared out between instruments). Will work at any dynamic.
triple stop	three strings sounded together		A minor G major B minor A major	A section will normally play a triple stop divisi (i.e. notes shared out between instruments). On a solo instrument, triple stops only work at loud dynamics, otherwise they would be arpeggiated.
quadruple stop	four strings sounded, normally as an arpeggiation or broken chord	A quadruple stop A typical arpeggiation	quadruple stop, arco arpeggiated quadruple stop, arco, on a first inversion C-major chord arpeggiated quadruple stop, arco, on a root position C-major chord a pizzicato phrase in quadruple stops, played quasi guitar (violin held sideways)	Four-note chords are no problem to a section if played divisi, but if non divisi then great care must be taken with left hand positions.